Camera Animation Questions?

Film making and cinematography is a new still suit for me. I really do not know anything about well animating a camera (please do not hit me with the well it is like a rig talk... it is not). I do not know where to start to actually know how to start animating camera. I did fiddle with it, but I generally am stumped with it. So here are the question I got:

1. What are the different type of camera shots and lens?

2. How do you properly animate camera and lens for movements and for simple scenes?

3. How do you know what shot to use use animating?

4. Is there any books/guides/yt videos on camera animation/cinematography for 3D animation (for detailed analysis)?