When I first started playing, I wasn't familiar with the recipes, so I used a lot of trains to try and get used to them.
For the biological chain, I built a main bus: plants → feed → animals. The biological flow leads to both chemical and Py-biotech science packs (mainly involving bottles and lab equipment combined with biological materials). Bottles and lab equipment are also used to produce Py Tier 3 chemical materials (for blue chips and mechanical parts 3).

Smelting is divided into crushed ore and chemical processing. It's more efficient to transport minerals after the crushed ore phase ends. Combining chemical processing with molten production reduces transport volume.
Circuit boards and mechanical parts are the main outputs for metals and alloys. Since they reuse materials heavily, placing them together works well.

The chemical section is very complex, requiring metals and biological inputs and producing various materials. (Perhaps it was a mistake to group coal products, crude oil derivatives, and their byproducts as “chemical” early on—they're not very central.)
Mineral processing requires chemical products; Py-biotech science packs need both chemical and biological products. Circuit boards and mechanical parts also depend on chemical materials.
Almost all modules rely on this. In the future, I’ll place this section at the core of my base.

I’m trying to trace the flow of every item, and by the end, I want to use fewer trains so the whole thing looks like a giant black box.

Is there a better layout that can help me better understand where each item is supposed to go? I haven’t looked into the recipes beyond the purple science pack yet.Are there any screenshots of a belt-based factory that has completed the full tech tree?If you have any good ideas, please let me know!

pyae，blue sci