Does mmr or any other system for ranking actually exist?

I've been playing rank for sometime now instead of the regular unrated with the regular every type of rank on them which is kinda what you would expect from unrated.

But with ranked I had many cases in which I played against trios or duos who were plat or gold playing with their iron 1 duo or trio. Now they peaked is gold and plat but from their gameplay and from experience playing against high ranked players in unrated their peak is truthful but their rank is still bronze rn.

I find it kinda unfair solo queue against plat and gold players who play with their iron and bronze friends who actually look like iron and bronze players.

I understand when I lose against a iron or bronze player because we are literally the same rank and I also had games that I played well but it's getting demotivating when the game puts me against very high ranked just because of one or two games that I played well.