Why Chiefdoms failed? And why AnCap will be established today?

Between egalitarian communal and state societies, there existed a period ideologically close to anarcho-capitalism. This stage is often referred to as the chiefdom. Society during this time was either largely uncontrolled—where people could build, hire, and work wherever they wanted—or organized into small groups of fewer than 100 people. It was not yet developed enough to systematically violate the Non-Aggression Principle (NAP), and free trade mostly prevailed.

Over time, however, power began to concentrate in the hands of private lords. People were increasingly willing to sacrifice their freedom and accept the monopoly on violence held by small castles, typically with populations of around 100 people. In most parts of the world, the state emerged through the violation of the NAP—through conquest and coercion.

However, in some regions, such as the ancient lands of Russia, around fifteen tribes voluntarily united without aggression into a confederacy.

Why did this happen, and why will history not repeat itself today?