Lost iPhone ... 2 factor issues

I tried putting this in an iPhone sub but it wouldn't let me post it without first going down a rabbit hole of FAQS so I'm trying here.

Firstly I'll say I don't have an iPhone. My mate had one but after a short stay in hospital he lost it and it has his life on their (Gmail, online banking etc).

It's probably shut down by now so might be different be difficult to locate.

He's currently trying to set up a new email account using a crap new phone but ideally he'd rather have access to the gmail account he was using so whilst he's doing his thing I'm seeing if there's any way to:

1. access his usual email account despite not having access to the 2 factor authentication code sent to the lost phone... So that he can at least do this on his desktop

And/or

2. Locate the lost or potentially stolen iPhone or at least the last location it was at whilst still on

Any help would be appreciated, because it's been quite a stressful day already.