Can not get past sites using cloudfare's human verification

This is 144.0.2 on Linux

Every website I visit that uses Cloudflare’s human-verification checkbox (“Verify you are human”) behaves the same way:

• I tick the box.
• The spinner appears.
• The box instantly unchecks itself.

This loop repeats no matter how many times I try.
I suspect an add-on is interfering, but none of the ones I have look suspicious.

• Add-ons Search Detectionextension3.0.0trueapp-builtin-addonsaddons-search-detection@mozilla.com
• Behind The Overlay extension0.2.1trueapp-profilejid1-Y3WfE7td45aWDw@jetpack
• Better Twitter extension2.1.3trueapp-profile{ef32ca60-1728-4011-a585-4de439fe7ba7}
• Clock extension 0.4.3trueapp-profile{24d24399-455b-46c1-b1fb-418aa5193256}
• Control Panel for Twitter extension4.14.1trueapp-profile{5cce4ab5-3d47-41b9-af5e-8203eea05245}
• Data Leak Blockerextension144.0.20250915.154356trueapp-system-addonsdata-leak-blocker@mozilla.com
• Disable HTML5 Autoplay extension2018.10.4resigned1trueapp-profiledisable-html5-autoplay@afnankhan
• Enhancer for YouTube™ extension2.0.130.1trueapp-profileenhancerforyoutube@maximerf.addons.mozilla.org
• FastForward extension0.2383trueapp-profileaddon@fastforward.team
• Form Autofillextension1.0.1trueapp-builtin-addonsformautofill@mozilla.org
• I don't care about cookies extension3.5.0trueapp-profilejid1-KKzOGWgsW3Ao4Q@jetpack
• ImTranslator: Translator, Dictionary, TTSextension16.100trueapp-profile{9AA46F4F-4DC7-4c06-97AF-5035170634FE}
• IPP Activatorextension0.1trueapp-builtin-addonsipp-activator@mozilla.com
• Minimal Theme for Twitter / X extension6.3.0trueapp-profile{e7476172-097c-4b77-b56e-f56a894adca9}
• Neat URL extension5.0.0trueapp-profileneaturl@hugsmile.eu
• New Tab extension144.1.0trueapp-builtin-addonsnewtab@mozilla.org
• Picture-In-Pictureextension1.0.0trueapp-builtin-addonspictureinpicture@mozilla.org
• Privacy | Protect Your Paymentsextension2.4.15trueapp-profileprivacy@privacy.com
• readReddit, Readable text posts on redditextension0.15.0trueapp-profilereadReddit@toolbox.team
• Reddit Enhancement Suite extension5.24.8trueapp-profilejid1-xUfzOsOFlzSOXg@jetpack
• Return YouTube Dislike extension3.0.0.18trueapp-profile{762f9885-5a13-4abd-9c77-433dcd38b8fd}
• SponsorBlock for YouTube - Skip Sponsorshipsextension6.0.3trueapp-profilesponsorBlocker@ajay.app
• uBlock Origin extension1.67.0trueapp-profileuBlock0@raymondhill.net
• Web Compatibility Interventionsextension144.5.0trueapp-builtin-addonswebcompat@mozilla.org
• YouTube Volume Normalizer extension4.0.3trueapp-profile{0fa8f380-98c6-4cc9-9f24-10d84bf1b609}
• Language: English (CA)locale144.0.20251027.123126trueapp-profilelangpack-en-CA@firefox.mozilla.org
• Language: English (GB)locale144.0.20251027.123126trueapp-profilelangpack-en-GB@firefox.mozilla.org
• Darktheme1.3.3trueapp-builtinfirefox-compact-dark@mozilla.org
• Unhook - Remove YouTube Recommended & Shortsextension1.6.7falseapp-profilemyallychou@gmail.com
• Firefox Alpenglowtheme1.5.1falseapp-builtinfirefox-alpenglow@mozilla.org
• Lighttheme1.3.3falseapp-builtinfirefox-compact-light@mozilla.org
• System theme — autotheme1.4.2falseapp-builtindefault-theme@mozilla.org

Can anybody shed some light as to what might be causing this issue? I really need to access some sites that are being blocked this way.