Paradoxical activating response to tramadol – looking for non-opioid explanation

I’m hoping to get some clinician insight into an unusual medication response.

I’ve previously been prescribed codeine, morphine, and pregabalin, all of which caused expected sedation and cognitive slowing. In contrast, tramadol consistently produces a very different effect for me: increased motivation, mental clarity, positive energy, and reduced fatigue, with minimal sedation.

From reading, I understand tramadol has SNRI properties (serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition) in addition to weak opioid activity. My question is whether this activating response is more likely driven by its monoaminergic effects rather than the opioid component.

I’m not looking to continue opioids, but I am interested in understanding:

• What neurochemical profile this response might suggest
• Whether this pattern is seen in patients with depression, fatigue syndromes, or ADHD-spectrum traits
• What non-opioid medication classes clinicians typically consider in cases like this (e.g. SNRIs, NDRIs, atomoxetine, etc.)

I’d appreciate any evidence-based perspectives or clinical experience with similar cases.

Male/ UK/ 178cm/ 85kg/ No current meds/ Non smoker/