Uralic *kiweð \ *keweð, *kewerke

In *koíwilos > Greek koîlos, Ion. koíïlos hollow', can not regularly come from *kowilos < PIE *k^owH1-lo- (against Beekes, etc., in https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%BA%CE%BF%E1%BF%96%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82 ). Instead, *k^owH1-ilo- is implied by Ar. soyl 'cavity', & is likely compatible with Al. thellë 'deep, profound' (k^ > ts > th, o-i > e-i). Why would Greek have an "extra" i? In https://www.academia.edu/128170887 I said that PIE H1 alternated with y \ i, allowing *k^owH1ilo- > *k^owyilo- > *k^oywilo- > *koíwilos > koíïlos.

I've said the same H1 > y was optional in Uralic, just like met. of H (it is also possible that wH1 > H1w > yw, depending on timing). Hovers also said H1 > k was common, optional? Since IE *wodo:r > PU *wete, it seems wo- > we-. If also ow > ew (in some env.?; both ex. have *k^ow- but no k^ > s^, so it could be *C^ow > *Cew), then it allows IE *k^owH1ilo- > *kewkilo- > *kewerke (or H-met. 1st, depending on timing; if H1 was mostly regular, avoiding **-wji- here might be the reason for H > k). PU words *CVC(V)CV seem to alternate, regardless of the original form, so also > *kewr(k)e. The k-k > k-0 in most, but needed for some, based on Hovers :

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109. PU *kewrV ‘inside, hollow’ ...

U: Mari kürɣə ‘inside’; Komi gi̮rk ‘inside, internal organs’, Udmurt gi̮rk, gi̮ri̮k ‘cavity’; PMansi *kiwər ‘inside, cavity’ > Konda Mansi kiwėr ‘inside’ [UEW p.161, #315, EWT p.79-80, RPG p.333, KESK p.85-86]

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Proto-Mansi *w in *kiwər can’t reflect the second PU *k in UEW’s *kirkV, so I assume that the k in the Komi gi̮rk, Udmurt gi̮ri̮k and the -ɣə in the Mari word kürɣə must be suffixes. I can’t find any example of PU *rw > PMansi *wər, so I have to assume a rare PU *wr cluster. Since both Mari and Permic assimilated this *w into the first syllable vowel, only Mansi can reflect the first syllable vowel correctly. And PMansi *i regularly reflects PU *e.

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My *ow > *ew happened before opt. *ew > *iw, as in Uralic *kiweð \ *keweð, etc. More ex. like PIE *dheub- 'deep' > PU *tiwä ‘deep’, *dheubh- 'dark, blind, mute' > PU *tiwä ‘quiet’, PIE *(s)pewd-, Greek σπεύδω \ speúdō 'hasten, seek eagerly, strive after' > PU *piwtä 'to follow the tracks of a wild animal', Altaic *pewd- 'follow', (details in https://www.reddit.com/r/HistoricalLinguistics/comments/1qzwpyg/protouralic_majsv_pie_meyh1os_shared_optionality/ ). Though Proto-Uralic *kiwe 'rock, stone' is usually reconstructed, there are 3 groups that point to *kiweð \ *keweð :

*kiwe > F. kivi

*kewe > Udmurt kö 'millstone'

*keweð-ka > *kweðka > Saami *keaδkē 'rock, stone'

PU words *CVC(V)CV seem to alternate, regardless of the original form (as above), so if it applied to most CC in any env., thus *kewð > *keweð, it allows PIE *KowT. The best choice is *k^oH3t- 'whetstone', with opt. H3 > w (parallel to H1 > y). Hovers had a similar idea in https://www.academia.edu/104566591 but w/o these details.

More details on cognates in https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/kea%CE%B4k%C4%93 , https://uralonet.nytud.hu/eintrag.cgi?locale=en_GB&id_eintrag=322 , & https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/query.cgi?basename=\data\uralic\uralet :

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Number: 325

Proto: *kiwe

English meaning: stone

Finnish: kivi (gen. kiven) 'Stein'

Estonian: kivi (gen. kivi, kive)

Mordovian: kev, käv (E), kev (M)

Mari (Cheremis): kü (KB U), küj (B)

Udmurt (Votyak): ke̮ (S), kȯ (K), ke̮ (G) 'Mühlstein'

Komi (Zyrian): iz-ki (S)

Khanty (Ostyak): köɣ (V), kew (DN O) 'Stein'

Mansi (Vogul): küw (TJ), käw (KU P), kaw (So.)

Hungarian: kő (acc. követ)

Sammalahti's version: *kiwi

Yukaghir parallels: šäu, χäi 'Stein'

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