What are common basement waterproofing methods?

I have a 1960s home in Goshen and water keeps getting in along the floor wall joint every spring. I called a contractor and he threw around terms like interior drainage systems exterior waterproofing and sump pump installation but never really explained what would actually work for my situation. I left the conversation more confused than when I started.

Can anyone in the Elkhart County area break down what these methods actually mean and which one makes sense for an older block foundation? Just want to understand what I am paying for before I commit to anything.