What is the prevailing philosophy behind the potential self-awareness of machines?

I am trying to understand the philosophical debate around AI and consciousness. Specifically, does the current philosophical consensus lean more toward "computationalism" (where a machine mimicking human neural networks, as Geoffrey Hinton suggests, could eventually be conscious)? Or is there stronger support for the idea that consciousness requires specific physical or biological realities that cannot exist in standard compute hardware (similar to Roger Penrose's views)?