So confused.. looking for some advice/any insights

My boyfriend came home already in a bad mood and said, “I feel sorry for you, having to walk on eggshells today. I’m not in a good mood.”
For context, I had been busy since I got home and hadn’t even sat down in hours. I was doing things around the house. While I was still moving around, I asked him to put some food away.
He responded, “You can put it up too.” I asked him if he didn’t see anything wrong with that answer, and he said no. Then he added, “I’m just grumpy. Leave me alone.”
After that, we didn’t really speak for about an hour.
I eventually tried to talk things out and told him that what he said earlier hurt me and made me upset. I also said I wanted to say more but chose to pause and think instead. He stayed silent.
I asked, “You don’t have anything to say?” and he replied, “No, because I don’t have anything kind to say right now.”
I said, “Now I know how you actually feel about me. I’m disappointed in you.” He then left the room and went to his office.
Before leaving he said, “Let me not be mean,” and when I told him to just say what he meant, he said, “You’re f-ing annoying me right now. It’s really not about you.”
For context, I’m exhausted (about 5 hours of sleep), and now I feel stuck sitting with unresolved tension and confusion. I also don’t fully understand what triggered his mood, besides him saying he “couldn’t solve a problem at work.”
I’m trying to figure out if this is just normal or it points to a bigger issue in how we communicate?
Has anyone dealt with something similar? How do you handle a partner who shuts down or becomes harsh when they’re in a bad mood?

tl;dr Boyfriend stressed out about work and decided to unload on me/take it out on me. Feeling a little blindsided. Wondering if anyone has dealt with something similar?