What does the Rust compiler not protect you from? (trying to learn where the guarantees end)

I'm building a larger Rust project and lean heavily on the compiler and test suite as my safety net rather than reviewing every line myself.

My mental model so far: the compiler reliably catches the structural stuff — memory safety, types, data races. Where I'm less clear is where that guarantee ends — the things that compile clean and pass types but are still wrong: logic errors, bad assumptions, runtime panics, "it builds but does the wrong thing."

For those who've shipped bigger Rust systems — what classes of problems does the compiler not catch, and what do you lean on for them: tests, specific patterns, runtime checks? I want to know exactly where the compiler stops so I can put other checks there.