Where do people draw the line at “phobia”?

Disclaimer: This post has no intent to offend any and all groups of people. If I however do offend you with this query i sincerely apologise for it

So basically, I was thinking about how people are considered homophobic, transphobic etc if they discriminate people against their sexuality and attack them for it ie call them “f*gs”

But I was also thinking, where is the fine line. For example, I personally am not a fan of being transgender for the (non religious) reasons explained by others with similar and stronger opinions (this may also be backed up by an irrational fear of make up and specifically the idea of guys wearing it making me uncomfortable). BUT, i wouldnt consider myself to be transphobic because despite me not being a fan of it, it wouldnt make me disown a child because of it, or attack anyone in that group. So my question is, am I transphobic if i don’t approve of the idea but i won’t attack anyone outright because of it?

Another question based on your answer to the previous is, if i don’t like Chinese culture, am I racist? Because surely if you said (assuming you did) that I’m transphobic because I don’t approve of transgenders and that specific group and what they stand for, then I must be racist since I don’t like Chinese culture?

I am curious on people’s thoughts on this and like I said; this is purely speculation and i apologise for offending anyone i do and please note all scenarios/personal facts shared here are true so please be respectful (apart from the one about not liking Chinese culture)