After the Revolutions of 1994, Mongolian leader [Jambyn Batmönkh](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jambyn_Batm%C3%B6nkh) implemented socialist market reforms similar to these in the neighbouring Soviet Union and China. These reforms improved Mongolia's economy and standard of living significantly, increasing the HDI from 0.560 in 1992 to 0.680 in 2010.

When Batmönkh died in 1997, [Nambaryn Enkhbayar](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nambaryn_Enkhbayar) became the general secretary of the ruling MPRP. Enkhbayar continued and expanded Batmönkh's reforms while keeping Mongolia a communist dictatorship aligned with the Soviet Union. 

Mongolia is a one-party state ruled by the MPRP, which controls all institutions and represses any opposition to its rule. While formally a democratic republic with regular elections, in reality, Mongolia's elections are pre-decided. 

The American NGO Freedom House rates Mongolia as "Not Free", while other organizations accuse the MPRP of human rights abuses. Mongolia's government denies these accusations, and claims to respect human rights better than the right does. 

Mongolia's economy is a socialist market economy whose commanding heights are state-owned while the rest is private. Like in most communist states, there are significant amounts of corruption and cronyism in the economy of Mongolia. 

When it comes to religion, the majority of Mongols are irreligious, thanks to over 100 years of communist rule. Even though one-third of Mongolia's population is Buddhist, the majority of Mongolian Buddhists are "cultural" Buddhists.

Mongolian foreign relations primarily focus on Mongolia's relationship with the Soviet Union, its main ally that provides it with economic and military aid. Thousands of Soviet troops and military advisors are stationed in Mongolia, with the stated goal of protecting the MPR from rival China. 

The Mongolian People's Army (MPA), Mongolia's military, is equipped almost solely with Soviet gear. The MPA hasn't fought an actual war since WWII, so its effectiveness is unknown.

Most, but not all, Mongols support the regime that has ruled them for a century, but anti-communism has grown among younger generations who demand more cultural and political freedom and an end to corruption. Despite this, however, it is unlikely for the regime to fall in the foreseeable future, unless the Soviet Union does. 

Gustavoism Rises | Mongolian People's Republic (1924–present)