Is there a real philosophical case for suffering as structurally disclosive, not just "what doesn't kill you makes you stronger"?

I've been noticing what feels like the same basic idea in three pretty different places, and I can't tell if it's actually there or if I'm just agreeing with the pattern because the idea fits my situation (going through hard times).

Heidegger: anxiety doesn't disclose the groundlessness of existence because you sat down and thought about it carefully. It comes as a mood. The "why" falls away and you're left with the bare fact that you exist, with nothing underneath it. And you can't really get that from the outside. Reading about dread or reflecting on it at a safe distance doesn't trigger the same thing. You have to actually go through it.

Michel Henry: makes a related claim in his phenomenology of life. Life reveals itself to itself directly in auto-affection, an immediate, non-representational self-feeling he sometimes calls the "night." There is no distance from it and no looking at it from elsewhere. Suffering is privileged because it locks you into that immediacy. You can't detach or objectify it the way you might with other experiences. Suffering has this way of not letting you leave the situation or circumstance you are feeling.

Apostle Paul: Philippians 4:12. He says he's "learned" (the verb memyēmai) to be content in any circumstance, hunger or plenty, humiliation or abundance. That word isn't normal learning or being taught a lesson. It translates more to be something of a mystery cult initiation. Like you are going through an initiation. The implication is that whatever he now knows or can do, it couldn't have been transmitted any other way. The deprivation and the undergoing were the knowing.

What strikes me across all three is that they're saying something different than the usual "suffering builds character" or "you learn a lot from hard times." The claim seems to be that certain truths or disclosures are bound to the undergoing itself. You can't access them from a spectator position. The suffering (or the mood, or the ordeal) isn't blocking the view, it is the view. The experience of undergoing it is what does the disclosing.

Have philosophers discussed similar views on this topic?

Thank you for any input.