How to knock out multiple Guardian Rank 4 Tasks at once?

Very confused how to get these all done and dont want to experiment with trial and error and waste time.

I need to do:

Advanced Placement: Complete 3 actives on Advanced difficult - where is this? what are easy advanced actives?

Bonus Focus: Fireteam Ops: Complete Fireteam Ops activity with a bonus focus reward - is this just quickly playlists with the green reward?

Bonus Focus: Solo Ops: same thing, but for solo. Whats an easy solo op?

Minot Negative Challenge Modifiers: Complete an activity with a minor negative modifier - wtf is a minor negative modifier, and can I matchmake this?

So tldr: how do I do an advanced fireteam ops with minor negative modifier?