How to prevent someone from accessing your Google account management?

I know it's a stupid scenario, but if I left my phone unlocked on the table and someone took it, he could access my Google account through any app I'm logged into (Google Maps, Gmail, Chrome, YouTube,...). This way, he can find out my address or date of birth in a minute, ALL WITHOUT THE NEED TO VERIFY IDENTITY IN ANY WAY!

This could be prevented by setting a lock on all applications that can be used to manage my Google account, but I really don't want to write PIN every time I access Chrome, YouTube, or even phone settings.

Is there an easy solution to lock Google account management?