Differentiating between programming job requirements.

I'm trying to understand the type of experience needed for different software engineering jobs. My education is clearly not CS-related, but I have experience developing web-based applications and websites using Java, SQL, and JavaScript.

For example: a Java development role that is interested in multi-threading, distributed systems, and/or cloud computing experience. While I have the Java background, do this other skills differ from my work and can you (ELI5 for English as a second language) how? Thank you for your help!