When are we supposed to stop as bikes?

Are there resources where we can learn about how traffic rules apply to bikes? I've been walking and bussing to school all year but I recently decided to start biking and I don't understand if I'm doing it wrong or right.

For example, I was leaving campus and entering downtown at A street, and I stopped at the stop sign since there was a car at the intersection. The guy in the car kinda just stared at me and I was confused so I waited. Finally he starts moving forward but then another bike passes next to me and almost gets hit by him. Did I give him a false sense of opportunity? Do bikes normally not stop at that sign?

Another situation I'm wondering about is the bike paths actually on campus. Should bikes be stopping when people are going to cross? I was by the MU and stopped for someone but it just turned into us awkwardly looking at eachother because other bikes were passing me and it still wasn't safe for them to cross.

I just wonder, is it safer to keep stopping at all the stop signs/crosswalks, or follow what the rest of the traffic is doing? I'm not trying to cause a crash, and I might just switch back to busses because this is proving to be confusing and stressful.