ktool

I'm trying to understand entropy as fundamentally as possible. Which do you think is the best way to understand it:

• The existence of a thermodynamic system in a generalized macrostate which could be described by any one of a number of specific microstates. The system will follow probability and occupy macrostates comprising the greatest number of microstates.

• Heat spreading out and equalizing.

• The volume of phase space of a system, where that volume is conserved or increased. (This is the definition I'm most interested in, but I have heard it might be just a generalization.)

• Some other definition. Unavailability of thermodynamic energy for conversion into mechanical work, etc.

I

I've studied endothermy and ectothermy but I have never seen this topic contextualized in terms of physical entropy, and a preliminary literature search returns no results. I suppose this question is quite interdisciplinary...maybe if I finish What Is Life? Schrödinger will tell me, but I figured I would ask the panel and see if anyone has anything insightful to say.

I was at the Mt. Wilson observatory on a tour visiting the solar telescope. The scientist working the scope placed under the sun's light a metal object that cast a long, narrow beam of light on the wall which contained multiple copies of the visible spectrum, linked together by magenta, on either side of a white dot in the center. Like this:

VIBGYORMVIBGYORMVIBGYOR [white dot] ROYGBIVMROYGBIVMROYGBIV

This shocked me because I have seen images of spectrographs and they are always reproduced with only one copy of the visible spectrum. What caused multiple spectra to be seen, why were they lined up so precisely one after the other with no gaps, and what was going on in terms of the frequency

And by complete consensus I mean no fringe theories whatsoever that say SBH don't exist. I'm curious to know how much discussion is ongoing on this matter or if it is completely settled.

I'm not interested in discussing the scientific evidence for SBH. I just want to know what other people are saying about this, or if no one is saying anything at all.

I'm just wondering if it makes sense to speak of the "density" of radii, especially because the points along the circle should form a continuum. How can it get "denser" if the radii already fill all space at the periphery of the circle? But how can it not get "denser" if the radii fill a smaller amount of space closer to the center? But how can they get "denser" without overlapping, which they should not overlap because none of them lie along precisely the same angle?

According to Verlinde, gravity is emergent from the holographic principle as an entropic force. According to this, attempts to find a quantum carrier of the gravitational force are fundamentally misguided and will never be successful.

Taking this paradigm as given for the sake of argument, what are particles like electrons and photons in terms of the holographic principle? How do they arise?

edit: I'd like to clarify that the question is asked from the perspective of the holographic principle where everything is information on screens. That is the answer I'd like to know...not presupposing other fields, nor criticizing the holographic principle.

Right now I'm just searching it on google scholar and I've read online medical dictionary definitions of it, but I feel like I'm missing a deeper understanding. What are the best resources for me to consult?

Thank you!

Jerk and snap being the first and second derivatives of acceleration with respect to time.

I don't know how to categorize this post on my mobile phone. It's physics obviously