Cat attacking my dogs

My husband and I are in our 30s and just adopted a cat 1 week ago. He’s 6 years old neutered male.

He was decompressing in my spare bathroom, upstairs and away from the dogs. He however was unhappy with this and constantly trying to escape. I have since let him have free roam of the entire upstairs. He is very content with this.

I keep the dogs downstairs at all times and keep the dogs in the bedroom with me behind a baby gate at night. The cat comes downstairs after bed time and explores and lays around the house.

This morning when we got up, my dog simply walked past the cat to go outside and the cat attacked her. I separated the two and the cat ran back upstairs.

Im hoping it was just too quick for the cat and things will settle. The cat has not come back downstairs yet today.

Any tips appreciate.

TLDR: Cat attacked my dog as the dog walked past. Help getting everyone to coexist