The head of an old music man sting ray bass my dad had, I was wondering what the thing next to the tuning key is(sorry i’m a noob)

It's a drop tuner. You can use it to go between drop D and standard tuning without turning the peg.

I can’t think of the name but it’s a lever for tuning down a full step, if you are in standard tuning you can go to Drop D on the fly.

Drop tuner wow happy days to get this bass.

An abomination is what they are